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Mudumalai Tiger Reserve
Introduction
Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, located in the Nilgiri Hills of Tamil Nadu, is one of India’s most significant protected areas. Declared a Tiger Reserve in 2007, it forms part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and is connected to Bandipur, Nagarahole, Wayanad and Sathyamangalam, creating one of the largest contiguous tiger and elephant landscapes in Asia.
Quick Facts
| Particular | Details |
| State | Tamil Nadu |
| District | The Nilgiris |
| Tiger Reserve Notification | 2007 |
| Total Area | 688.59 sq km |
| Core Area | 321.00 sq km |
| Buffer Area | 367.59 sq km |
| Landscape | Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve |
| Forest Types | Tropical Moist & Dry Deciduous, Thorn Forests and Montane Sholas |
| Major Rivers | Moyar and associated streams |
| Best Time to Visit | October to May |
Location
Situated in The Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu at the tri-junction of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala.
History
Established as a wildlife sanctuary in 1940, Mudumalai became a Tiger Reserve in 2007 under Project Tiger.
Landscape, Geography & Habitat
The reserve covers 688.59 sq km with varied terrain comprising forests, grasslands, river valleys and hills, providing vital connectivity across the Nilgiri landscape.
Flora
Teak, rosewood, Terminalia, bamboo, sandalwood, jamun, ficus species and extensive grasslands occur across the reserve.
Fauna
Key species include Bengal Tiger, Asian Elephant, Leopard, Dhole, Sloth Bear, Gaur, Sambar, Chital, Mouse Deer, Nilgiri Langur, Malabar Giant Squirrel and over 260 bird species.
Rivers & Water Bodies
The Moyar River and numerous perennial streams sustain wildlife throughout the year.
Other Attractions
Elephant safaris, birdwatching, scenic drives, interpretation centres and the Nilgiri landscape attract visitors.
Weather & Climate
Pleasant winters, warm summers and both southwest and northeast monsoon rainfall.
How to Reach
Nearest airport: Coimbatore. Nearest railheads: Udhagamandalam and Mysuru. Good road links from Ooty, Mysuru and Bandipur.
Best Time to Visit
October to May is ideal for wildlife viewing.
Accommodation
Forest Department rest houses and Tamil Nadu Tourism accommodation are available at authorised locations with advance booking.
Conservation Highlights
Mudumalai is a critical link in the Nilgiri tiger–elephant landscape and benefits from intensive habitat management, corridor protection and scientific monitoring.
Visitor Tips
Book permits in advance, wear muted colours and follow Forest Department rules.
Did You Know?
• Mudumalai is part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.
• It connects four major protected areas across three states.
• It supports one of the world’s largest Asian elephant populations.
Last Updated
July 2026