The population of the greater one-horned rhinoceros in Dudhwa Tiger Reserve has increased to 53 individuals, according to the reserve’s fourth rhino census conducted between June 25 and 27, 2026. The latest count reflects the continued success of Uttar Pradesh’s long-running rhino conservation programme.

The census recorded 17 adult males, 25 adult females, and 11 sub-adults and calves. Although three rhinos died before the census, the population still registered a net increase of five animals, indicating healthy breeding and survival within the reserve. Forest officials described the growth as a significant conservation achievement.

Dudhwa’s rhino recovery began in 1984, when seven greater one-horned rhinos were translocated from Assam and Nepal to re-establish a population in the Terai after the species had disappeared from the region for more than a century. As the population expanded, a second Rhino Rehabilitation Area (RRA-2) was created in 2018 to reduce pressure on the original enclosure. More recently, eight radio-collared rhinos have been released into open forests, where they have adapted well to their natural habitat.

Forest authorities attribute the rising population to sustained anti-poaching measures, effective habitat management, protection of grasslands and wetlands, and regular scientific monitoring. These efforts have created suitable conditions for breeding and long-term survival of the species.

The growing rhino population reinforces Dudhwa Tiger Reserve’s importance as one of India’s few strongholds for the greater one-horned rhinoceros outside Assam. Continued habitat management and protection will be essential to ensure that the expanding population remains healthy and genetically viable in the years ahead.

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